Glossary Conditioning Solution A specialized solution in which the electrode must be immersed in to activate the glass selective membrane. CPS™ Clogging Prevention System. Conventional pH electrodes use ceramic junctions that may clog quickly when used in biological samples such as wine. When the junction is blocked, the entire electrode will not function properly. Electrodes that feature CPS™ technology utilize a ground glass/PTFE sleeve junction which controls a steady, predictable flow of fill solution thus keeping the junction open. The hydrophobic property of PTFE sleeve repels wetness and coatings. CYAC Cyanuric Acid °Dornic Determined by titrating a 100 mL sample with N/9 sodium hydroxide to a phenolphthalein end point. Delrin A plastic made from Acetal Homopolymer; a crystalline plastic that offers an excellent balance of properties that bridge the gap between metals and plastics. Detection Limit In analytical chemistry, the detection limit LOD of an individual analytical procedure is the lowest amount of analyte in a sample which can be detected but not necessarily quantitated as an exact value; or the lowest quantity of a substance that can be distinguished from the absence of that substance (a blank value) within a stated confidence limit (generally 1%). The detection limit is estimated from the mean of the blank, the standard deviation of the blank and some confidence factor. Another consideration that affects the detection limit is the accuracy of the model used to predict concentration from the raw analytical signal. There are a number of different “detection limits” that are commonly used. These include: the instrument detection limit (IDL), the method detection limit (MDL) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ). Even when the same terminology is used, there can be differences in the LOD, according to nuances of what definition is used and what type of noise contributes to the measurement and calibration. Most analytical instruments produce a signal even when a blank (matrix without analyte) is analyzed. This signal is referred to as the noise level. The IDL is the analyte concentration that is required to produce a signal greater than three times the standard deviation of the noise level. Many times there is more to the analytical method than just doing a reaction or submitting it to direct analysis. For example it might be necessary to heat a sample that is to be analyzed for a particular metal with the addition of acid first (this is called digestion). The sample may also be diluted or concentrated prior to analysis on an instrument. Additional steps in an analysis add additional opportunities for error. Since detection limits are defined in terms of error, this will naturally increase the measured detection limit. This detection limit (with all steps of the analysis included) is called the MDL. Dew Point The dew point is defined as the temperature to which air must be cooled in order for condensation (saturation) to occur. The dew point is dependent on the concentration of water vapor present, and therefore, the relative humidity. DIN Connector A circular connector for consumer electronics, originally standardized by the Deutches Institut für Normung (DIN) for analog audio signals. Direct Potentiometry Direct Potentiometry is a widely used method of performing ion analysis with ISEs. This method is highly effective when the user must quickly measure large batches of samples at many concentrations. Hanna direct reading meters such as the HI 98184 and HI 98185 display concentration of the unknown sample by a direct reading after calibrating the instrument with two or more standards. Ionic strength adjustments are made to both samples and standards. In some applications quick and reliable measurements can be made onsite, without taking samples back to the laboratory. DiST® Hanna Dissolved Solids Testers are widely used for monitoring EC/TDS in water conditioning, reverse osmosis, cooling towers, drinking water, wastewater, laboratories, agriculture, aquaculture and aquariums, hydroponics and the printing industry. dKH Degrees of carbonate hardness. In case of alkalinity: 1 dKH = 0.36 meq/L = 17.86 mg/L CaCO3 DO Dissolved Oxygen. A relative measure of the amount of oxygen that is dissolved or carried in a given medium. DPD N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine EBC European Brewery Convention. 16 Glossary 16.8 | www.hannainst.com
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